The Turkish people never abandoned the Caucasus. However, since the creation of the USSR, the Turkish State has remained outside the Caucasus until 2020. Azerbaijan and Turkey have defeated Armenia in the Upper Karabakh War, and Ankara, a hundred years later, has expanded its army in the Caucasus, a territory recovered by Azerbaijan at the expense of Armenia; and from Istanbul to Baku, the Turkish peoples will have territorial continuity. According to the cease-fire agreement between Azerbaijan and Armenia, a motorway connecting the enclave of Azerbaijan with the Nakhitxevan Autonomous Republic will pass through Armenian territory connecting with the rest of Azerbaijan.

One of the axes of the expansionist strategy of Turkey’s President, Recep Tayyip Erdomoján, is to promote pan-tourism between the Turkish peoples of Europe and Asia, be they states, autonomous territories or minorities. For example, the Cooperation Council of the States of the Turkish language was established in 2009.

The Erdoorgian uses two other axes to extend Turkish influence: the Neottoman and the religious. In the former territories of the Ottoman empire, Ankara has a natural channel for developing its economic, political and cultural influence, but this works much better when the dominant religion of the region or of the ethnic group is the Sunni Muslim.

At present, however, Turkey is being able to strengthen its economic impact in countries such as Serbia, Montenegro, Georgia or Ukraine, taking advantage of the frustration generated by the European Union for integration that never comes. The same applies to Muslim-majority countries such as Albania, Bosnia-Hercegovina or Kosovo, although in these cases the relationship is much closer. If neotomanism is going on somewhere in the Balkans, every time the Turkish President has political problems, there have been mobilisations in his favour in Pristina, Tirana and Sarajevo. The latter gave a giant rally two years ago.

Turkey is back in the Caucasus and the Balkans, but also in North Africa and Asia. The Erdovalle Justice and Development Party is very close to the Muslim Brotherhood and, in practice, with the help of Qatar, has taken the lead in this political sector. It has played a very important role in the Arab Spring, with mobilisations, with a radical and armed Islamism, and with the Army. Egypt under the influence of Ankara did not last long because the al Sisi coup d'état in Abdelfatah ended with the government of the Muslim Brotherhood. But Turkey has taken revenge in Libya and now has its army deployed in the African country. On the other hand, Ankara has taught Greece its teeth and continues to occupy northern Syria, in contravention of international foreign policy legislation.

Almost everything that Turkey has done has gone wrong because of the need for the West to do so. It is a very important geopolitical country as a bridge between Europe, Asia and Africa, with a large coastline and NATO’s second strongest army. Russia clashes with Ankara frequently, but Moscow monitors its relationship with Turkey for its business and for the possibility it has of breaking the Atlantic alliance. However, despite the mastery of the geopolitical struggle at Erdoorn, the economic problem, which has been continually being delayed, has been growing in scale. Hence the end of Erdovalle, the Turkish economy is suffocated by debt. The Turkish financial system in a coma can be the instrument of the West to relax international Turkish effects and to link an uncomfortable ally in the short term.