Blood collected and transported
- Barcelona, July 1936. At the outbreak of the Spanish Civil War, Dr. Frederic Duran i Jordà (1905-1957) entered Montjuïc 18 hospital to take care of the war-wounded who arrived in the city.
At the hospital, direct blood transfusions were then carried out, that is, from the donor arm to the recipient, and the Catalan doctor quickly realized that the injured often needed more blood than one donor could give. In addition, from the Aragonese front he received a letter from his colleagues Wenceslao Dutrem and Serafina Palma in which they were informed that they had no blood to treat the wounded. He then decided to leave the hospital and, with the support of the Health Service of the Army of the Republic, started the service of blood transfer to the military and civilian wounded in early August. In mid-September the first seven litres arrived in front of Aragon. It was the first modern blood transfusion service in the world.
There were already some transfusion centers. For example, at the Sklifosovsky Institute in Moscow transfusions were carried out through the blood of the corpses. But Duran's team knew this was detrimental to the receptors. The London Red Cross also had a service, but only limited direct transfusions were carried out. And taking donors forward was not viable.
With the limited means at their disposal, they tried to improve the anticoagulants already invented, as well as the methods to keep the blood sterile and the vessels to keep it. In addition, blood donation campaigns were carried out for the first time among the population. And the problem of transport was also solved: the four-ton Diamond truck carrying fish was conditioned.
Shipments were made weekly on the front and in all hospitals in the city an attempt was made to maintain a bank of at least 35 liters.
In 30 months, the Barcelona transfusion service had 28,900 donors and processed and prepared more than 9,000 liters of blood throughout Spain. During World War II, the Duran method was fully extended. The technology they used is now obsolete, but the bases established by the Catalan doctor are still in force.
In February 1939, Frederic Duran i Jordà left Catalonia and emigrated to England, invited by the British Red Cross. The precursor of hemotherapy died in Manchester at the age of 51 from leukemia, a blood cancer.
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