Environmentalism has had two main axes in the last 50 years, both inseparable. On the one hand, the crisis of energy resources in the short geological period known as Anthropocene and, on the other, the calorific effect of the increasing combustion of fossil fuels, with the consequent climate change. Two problems, a transition.

Why the transition? Because sustainability is not an opportunity for the monitoring of humanity and the biosphere, but an essential process. Otherwise: chaos and chaos. Mad Max's cruel and violent setting. Because we have already known many wars for energy conflicts, the last in Ukraine. And by the stiffness of fossil fuels and raw materials. Amalurra is giant, but it has limits and we have already consumed half of the oil (peak oil). From now on fossil fuels will be more expensive, more toxic, more miserable and more difficult to obtain. And without oil?

Example of Cuba. The Caribbean island suffered a serious lack of oil due to the decline of the Soviet Union since 1989, the lack of support and the blockade of the United States. During this extraordinary period and until the mid-1990s, Cubans suffered from the lack of everything. Power outages and lack of transport, basic items for food and cleaning. By weight, on average, each Cuban lost 5.5 kilos in a “special period”. But they came out. Until the help of Venezuela and Chávez arrived, with political will and technical-intellectual wisdom, Cuban socialism devised to set in motion solidarity among the citizens, the permacultural agrarian revolution and socio-political-administrative changes. They realized that they were very energy-dependent (and still are, as they only produce 4% of renewables). That is why they have embarked on the energy revolution, of which they have as spokesmen 10 CUC tickets. They have learned that, like Russian, Venezuela’s oil can end.

What about us? The Basques are also very dependent. We have enormous debt and rising energy poverty, but we do not worry too much. Technocrats say we'll find something instead of oil. The sun is a “never-ending” energy source, it’s true. But all renewable energy has limits and impacts. In the Transition, in order to be able to walk on the path of sustainable growth, we need to change the energy model. It's a challenge. We are increasingly involved in the energy transition. But who's against it? That's the bad thing.