The latest data on poverty and social inequalities has left us a number of titles, most of which are worrying. First, the increase in poverty in the CAPV between 2012 and 2014 has been more intense than in previous years.
It is also significant to note that the Gini Index, an indicator that measures the inequalities that occur within a society, has grown in the interval of two years more than in other longer intervals. Not only does it grow, the problem is not that the middle classes are down, but the ones down there are getting worse and worse. Therefore, it seems that the most affected by the crisis are not so much the middle classes, but those in a situation of social vulnerability.
From this data it can be interesting to reflect on the Basque model of social cohesion and its maintenance. In order to ensure the well-being of Basque society, the industrial sector and related salaries have been essential. At the moment, as a result of the different labor reforms, this model is questioned and wages are getting lower and lower in the industrial sector, mainly among those who get new jobs, and two groups of workers are often found on the same floor: those who have good conditions and those who are in a precarious situation.
In this sense, the trend we have been observing in recent years is a notable change in the profiles of poverty. Thus, despite the fact that 15-20 years ago the elderly were the group that suffered the highest rates of poverty, after the crisis the poverty profile has been greatly rejuvenated; the highest rates of poverty are among children and young people. The situation of the elderly has continued in recent years and has improved in some cases, as there has been no drop in pensions and, furthermore, because the number of average pensions is increasing, which also has to do with the industrial sector.
We are therefore faced with a situation in Kafkaesque where young poor and low workers are financing with their contributions the high pensions of the elderly, who on many occasions receive amounts that these workers will never receive. In the medium and long term, the situation will be unsustainable, rather than improving the situation, it will only worsen in the coming years, and social inequalities will intensify in Basque society.
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