Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

No alarm, but attentive

  • There's no reason for alarm, but there's no reason for distracting. In the most Basque villages, Castilian is also making its way. This is the case of Asteasu, Alegia, Amezketa and Berastegi. The linguist Mikel Artola spoke to us about the details of Alegia.
Herri bizian ala lotarako herrian bizi, ez du berdin eragiten hiztunengan. Argazkian, Asteasuko etxe saila.
Herri bizian ala lotarako herrian bizi, ez du berdin eragiten hiztunengan. Argazkian, Asteasuko etxe saila.

Xabier Bengoetxea has studied four urban respiratory centers in the region of Tolosaldea, the Respiratory Centers, the Recognizable. Collected by the observation of the state of some respiratory areas. He has studied demographic, socio-linguistic data from Asteasu, Alegia, Amezketa and Berastegi and has concluded that the respiratory areas are strong and that there is no reason for alarm. However, the recurrent trends in the respiratory areas also occur in four localities: the number of Euskaldunes has decreased, although to a lesser extent; the number of people who have Euskera as their native language has decreased; and the number of people who dedicate themselves exclusively to Euskera at home has also decreased. Among other things, Euskaldunes are speaking at home in Basque and Spanish, and on the street they keep the Basque more. These are the main conclusions of the research work carried out by Bengoetxea on this subject. On the next page, the Tolosaldea portal interviewed Alegiarra Mikel Artola. The citizen who has studied Philology admits that he has little awareness of being the center of the Basque language in the people, and although it is said that in this type of Basque people they live entirely in Basque, it is not entirely true.

Impact of spatial planning

Small changes in small towns can also have an impact. If a number of houses are built in Asteasu, it may happen that the majority of the new inhabitants do not speak Basque, or that with the newcomers do not do so in Basque or Spanish, as the new urbanization is well agreed and the newcomers do not intend to participate in the life of the people. In other words, spatial planning influences the use of languages, although it is not the only factor.

To reflect on this issue, the Provincial Council of Gipuzkoa, UEMA and the Council, in collaboration with the UEU, organized the First Territory and Language Day in January 2014. The course will continue and on 5 and 6 February the second conference on the challenges and specific instruments for the incorporation of linguistic criteria in the territorial organization will be held in Donostia-San Sebastián.

Mikel Artola, alegiarra
"Gizartean indarrean dagoen joera orokorra herri txikietara ere zabaldu egiten da"

Mikel Artola Alegian jaio zen duela 24 urte, eta egun, bertan bizi da. Euskal filologian lizentziatua, soziolinguistikako masterreko ikasle da orain. Bertsozale Elkarteko kidea ere bada, eta bertan ari da lanean. Hizkuntzarekin eta haren egoerarekin arduratuta, Alegia bezalako herri euskaldunek duten arduraz gogoeta egin beharra dagoela dio.

Alegia Tolosaldeko euskararen arnasguneetako bat da. Hala bizi al duzue zuek?

Beti bizi izan gara euskaraz hemen. Umetatik, ni eta nire adineko jendea euskaraz aritu gara eskolan, eskolaz kanpoko ekintzetan, lagunartean, familian,... baina ez dakit arnasgunea izatearen kontzientziarik ote dugun. Nik esango nuke ez dugula asko hausnartu Alegiak euskararentzako duen garrantziari buruz. Natural bizi dugu euskaraz bizitzea.

Belaunaldiz belaunaldi natural transmititu dela euskara...

Zortea izan dugu, euskara gehien erabiltzen denetariko zonaldea da gurea. Natural transmititu da hizkuntza, gazteen artean mantendu egin da, eta alde horretatik ez dugu arazorik izan. Kontua da, ordea, orain, gauzak estutzen hasi direla, dirudienez. Hau da, orain ari gara konturatzen arnasgune izatearen kontzientzia hartu behar dugula.

Non, zertan ikusten duzu aldaketa hori?

Nik 24 urte ditut eta zaila da aldaketa handirik ikustea baina Xabier Bengoetxeak duela gutxi egin zuen azterketaren arabera, joera ez da ona.

Bestalde, ikusten duzu herrian zenbait tabernatan zerbitzaria ez dela euskalduna, edo kultura kontsumitzeko garaian erdaraz egiten dela asko. Tolosaldeko Atariaren harpidedun gutxi gara, Berria ez duzu ikusiko taberna guztietan... Nahiz eta euskaraz bizi jendearen ehuneko handi bat, ez da erabat erreala. Bengoetxearen azterketaren arabera, geroz eta erdara gehiago entzuten da, eta etxeetan ere bai.

Zaila da hori neurtzea, baina ikusten duzu nola guraso batzuek elkarren artean erdaraz egiten duten, nahiz eta gero umeari euskaraz egin. Haurrak ere entzuten dituzu elkarrekin erdaraz hizketan, eta seguruenik lehen ere gertatzen zen, baina, beraz, ez da egia denok euskaraz bizi garela. Joera aintzat hartu eta kontzientzia hartzen hasi beharko genuke.

Zergatik joera hori?

Zaila da jakiten, baina etxeraino sartu zaigu. Lehen herri handiagotan ikusten genituen joerak hemen gertatuko zirenik ez genuen usteko, baina gu ez gara mundutik aparte bizi. Hala, sartuta daukagu gaztelera, gure buruan eta gure barruan. Eta bizimodu mota batek, etxean gelditzeko bizimoduak, bihur ditzake herriak lotarako bakarrik, eta ondorioz, gizartean indarrean dagoen joera orokorra herri txikietara ere zabaldu egiten da.

Izan ere, azken urteetan ez da izugarrizko atzerapausorik eman, baina Jon Sarasuak esaten zuen bezala, kontua ez da botila betea dagoen edo ez, baizik eta botilak zuloa duela, eta erabat betetzen aritu behar da, ez bada hustuko. Beraz, eta joerak ez direnez onak, herri mailan kontzientzia hartu eta estrategia bat egin bat behar da naturalki datorren joera horri aurre egiteko. Epe laburrean diagnostiko on bat egin nahi dugu, helburuak jarri, eta pixkana-pixkana hori lortzeko ekintzak egin.


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