Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa
Sapelarra, Stellaria media. Garai batean, hark horitzera jotzean 
hasten ziren lurrak iraultzen.
Sapelarra, Stellaria media. Garai batean, hark horitzera jotzean hasten ziren lurrak iraultzen. Awok-CC

Fermin Leizaola etnologo donostiarrak laiari buruzko hitzaldi bat ematekoa du sasoi ezin egokiagoan. Oraintxe dabiltza, han eta hemen, baratzezainak, aztarrika, lurrak prestatzen. Lurra iraultzea izan ohi da lan horietan lehena. Laia iraultzaileak museoetan biltzen dira orain, baina iraultze horren beharra etengabekoa da. Bostortza, aitzurra, otaitzurra, ondeaitzurra... Horien dantzak zeru laiatuen eran uzten du lurra. Orduan etorriko zaizkio simaur, luar, errauts, kare... eta era guztietako ongarriak.

Lurra iraultzerako, neguko egun gozoak baliatuz, landare ugarik bere egina izango dute baratzea. Tartean sapelarra, Stellaria media. Ezaguna da belar hau. Hosto txiki berde biziak ditu; tortotan hedatzen da, herrestari. Tortoen tontorretan lore txuri txikiak irekitzen ditu. Ukitzeko gozoa den bezala, jateko ere hala: ganaduak gustuko du, eta zeuk ere probatu: entsalada, zopa... Txoriak haren haziaren zaleak dira, neuk ez dut oraindik dastatu. Sortzen den tokian, zain bakarretik hedatzen da, eta kendu nahi izanez gero oso erraza da, luzatutako adarrek ez baitute zainik ematen. Baratze eta soroetako lur landuetan eta bide bazterretako lur harroetan topatuko dugu. Hezetasuna gustuko du, eta nitrofiloa da; hau da, sapelarra non, nitrogenoz aberatsa den lurra han dela adierazten du.

Garai batean, sapelarrak horitzera jotzen zuenean hasten ziren lurrak iraultzen. Egutegiak egutegi, benetako sasoia noiz zen erakusten zuen. Izan ere, sapelarra ez da nolanahiko izena.

“Sapia” sortu berria den landarea da. Landare berrien sasoia adieraziko ote du?

Landarearen izerdiari ere sapa deitzen zaio. Sasoi berriko sapa berria datorrela ote dio sapelarrak?

“Txima” edo “kalparra” edo “idien kopetako ilea” ere esan nahi du sapak, lur gainean hedatuz eraikitzen duen tontorrak, kalpar itxura ere badu...

Sapa sapotik etor daitekeela dioenik ere bada, hezetasunera, haren azpira jotzen omen dute...

Sapelarraz gain, izen asko du: sagu-belar (saguaren belarriaren tankerako hostoa...), izar belar (Stellaria...), txabarkoi, albaraka belar, xoi aska (xori bazka...)...

Ea hizkuntzalariek zer dioten...


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