Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

Ustelkeria eta erakundeen utzikeria

Tarteka iristen zaizkigu ustelkeria politikoari buruzko albisteak. Tarteka, ustelkeriaren eta iruzurraren aztarnak eta susmoak zabaltzen dira, normalean jarduera politikoari lotuta. Une horietan herritarrok biziki haserretzen gara eta inguru politiko guztia zalantzan jartzen dugu.

Ondo dago dena eztabaidatzea eta arazo honen jatorrira joan nahi izatea. Ariketa honek, interesgarria izateaz gain, konponbide demokratikoak ekarri ditzake. Ustelkeria politikoaren ildotik eztabaidatzen ari garena demokrazia bera da. Edo demokraziarik eza, hobeto esanda. Edota erakunde demokratikoen kontrolaren porrota. Beharbada, hau guztia dago zalantzan: nola egituratu gizarte demokratiko bat, nola bideratu herritargoaren partaidetza eta, azkenik, nola kontrolatu jartzen diren bitarteko horiek.

Herritarrok gai publikoetan parte hartzeko eskubidea dugu, zuzenean nahiz ordezkarien bitartez. Argi dago gure sistemak ordezkaritza politikoa aukeratu duela eta inolaz ere partaidetza zuzena. Halaber, ordezkaritza hori alderdi politikoengan utzi da sistema itxi baten bitartez.

Espainiako Estatuan sistema demokratikoa alderdien sistema da. Sistema zorrotza eta itxia, non herritarron parte-hartzea eskasa den, bizitza politikoa burokratizatuta dagoen eta jarduera politikoa profesionalizatzen ari den. Egia da diktatura batetik ateratakoan garrantzitsua zela egitura politikoak indartzea, baina egia da, baita ere, edozein egitura kontrol demokratikoaren pean mantendu behar dela. Espainiak alderdi politikoak behar zituen gutxieneko demokrazia sendotzeko eta Estatua homologatzeko. Baina, gaur, irtenbide hori zama handia bihurtu da: alderdi politikoen sistema, egituratuta dagoen bezala, konponbide izatetik arazo izatera pasa da.

Hori da antolatu den sistema. Eta horri gehitu behar zaizkio alderdien eguneroko “praktika” eta erakundeen kontrolik eza.
Alderdiak, orokorrean, burokratizatu egin dira, ez dira jadanik bitartekoak, helburuak baizik. Alderdiek berezko bizitza dute, interes asko eta handiak biltzen dituzte eta, azkenean, herritargoarengandik subjektu independenteak dira.

Alderdien makinaria hori asetzea ez da erraza. Alderdiek kanpainak behar dituzte hauteskundeak irabazteko eta kanpaina horiek sostengu ekonomiko handia behar dute. Larriena da alderdien diru-sarrerek eta gastuek kontrol eraginkorrik ez daukatela, zeren eta, nahiz eta sistemak aurreikusita dituen erakunde batzuk – kontu auzitegiak eta hauteskunde batzordeak, batez ere–, argi dago erakunde horiek ez daukatela horretarako gaitasun nahikorik. Eta zer esan auzitegi arrunten kontrolari buruz? Bada, ustelkeria delitua denean bakarrik hartzen dutela parte eta hau ere oso era mugatuan eta bitarteko berezirik gabe.

Arretaz aztertzen badugu ustelkeria politikoaren arazoa ondorio batzuk atera ditzakegu: gehienetan, alderdien gastuei lotuta dagoela; askotan, hainbat erakundetan hirigintza arloan hartzen diren erabakiekin zerikusi zuzena daukala eta, azkenik, arazo hau argitara azaltzen da normalean alderdikideren batek bere onura pertsonala bilatu nahi izan duelako. Hau da, alderdi barruan horrelako jokabideak onartzen dira baldin eta alderdia bada onuraduna, nahiz eta hau ere guztiz onartezina den, alderdia eta gizartea ez direlako gauza bera eta mesede horiek ez direlako inolaz ere herritarrontzat.

Benetan, ustelkeriarekin amaitzeko gai publikoetan parte hartzeko eskubidea beste era batera gauzatu behar da. Ezinbestekoa eta posible da.

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