Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

Hitler eta Wittgenstein, ikaskide

Realschuleko ikasle talde baten argazkia 1901ean. Bertan, eskolako ikasle ezagunenak: Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) eta Adolf Hitler (1889-1945).
Realschuleko ikasle talde baten argazkia 1901ean. Bertan, eskolako ikasle ezagunenak: Ludwig Wittgenstein (1889-1951) eta Adolf Hitler (1889-1945).

Viena (Austrohungariar Inperioa), 1889ko apirilaren 26a. Ludwig Wittgenstein filosofoa jaio zen. Adolf Hitlerrek sei eguneko tartea atera zion jaiotzean, apirilaren 20an sortu baitzen, Braunauen, Linzetik hurbil dagoen herrixka batean. Baina abantaila hori erraz jango zion filosofoak ikasle urteetan: biek Linzeko Realschulen ikasi zuten, baina Hitlerrek ikasturte bat errepikatu behar izan zuen, eta Wittgenstein, aldiz, ikasturte bat aurreratu zuten, emaitza bikainak medio. Horrenbestez, Ludwigekiko bi urteko atzerapenez amaitu zuen Adolfek bigarren hezkuntza.

Gainera, Wittgenstein familia inperioko aberatsenetakoa zen. Hitlerren aitak, aldiz, gaizki kudeatu zituen bere lurrak eta familiak arazo ekonomikoak izan zituen. Erabat dokumentatu gabeko hipotesi batek dio Hitlerren aitak Alois seme zaharrena Wittgensteintarrenera bidali zuela lanera.

Eta karanbola biribiltzeko, Hitlerrek zera idatzi zuen bere Mein Kampf ezagunaren 11. orrialdean: “Realschulen judutar gazte bat ezagutu nuen. Denak erne geunden harekin harremana izaterakoa, baina haren uzkurtasunak eta jarrera bitxiek soilik bultzatu gintuzten zuhur izatera”. Gero, 1938an, Austria anexionatu ondoren Linzen bertan emandako hitzaldi jendetsuan, Hitlerrek verräter (traidore) esan zien bertako juduei. Ludwig Wittgensteinen aitona-amonetatik hiru judutarrak ziren.

Hori guztia kontuan hartuta, hainbat historialarik Wittgenstein ikusi dute Hitlerren antisemitismoaren jatorrian, Kimberley Cornish australiarrak The Jew of Linz (1998) liburuan jaso bezala.

Logikoa dirudi ikaskide aberatsago eta adimentsuagoak Hitlerren inbidia piztu izanak. Baina goiko argazkia eta eskolako datuak dira biek elkar ezagutzen zutenaren froga bakarrak. Hitlerrek, Mein Kampf-en, ez du ikaskide judutarraren izenik aipatzen. Gainera, Wittgenstein aitona-amona judutarrak protestantismora bihurtu ziren, eta Ludwig katolizismoan hezi zuten, Hitler bera bezala. Hala, Hitlerrek ez zuen zertan Wittgensteinen jatorri judutarraren berri izan.

Hala gertatu bazen, Wittgenstein Hitlerren antisemitismoa eragin zuten arrazoi ugarietako bat izan zela esatea zilegi litzateke. Baina Holokaustoak Hitler haurraren ezinikusia baino sorburu sakon eta zabalagoa du.


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