The zipper was cost-effectively closed
New York, 1851. The inventor Elias Howe patented a “continuous automatic closure for clothing”. Howe perfected and patented the sewing machine invented years ago by Walter Hunt for the first time. And perhaps, satisfied with the success of this device in the market, or because he did not clearly see the use of this other invention, he decided not to market this primitive zipper. Thus, he refused to be the official “father of the zipper.”
It was more than 40 years before Whitcomb Judson patented a similar “lock” in 1893. The two inventions were very similar, but Judson gave it concrete use – closing his boots – and decided to commercialize it. He presented the complex instrument at the Universal Exhibition in Chicago in 1893; the Universal Fastener Company began producing it, but found no buyers.
In 1906, Swedish-born electrical engineer Gideon Sundback joined the Universal Fastener Company, the same company that obtained Judson's patent. His skill in design and his marriage to Elvira Aronson, the daughter of the head of the company, led him to become the head of design for the company in 1909. Among other things, it was intended to improve Judson’s closure, which was impractical. They managed to close the instrument more easily, but the reopening was very poor and the invention was rejected for the third time. In 1911, the Swede's wife died and, in mourning, Sundback devoted himself to perfecting the invention. The result of two years of obsessive work was a modern zipper. The zipper making machine was also invented by him.
It was a practical invention, it could be produced cheaply, but for years it was limited to closing a few rubber boots and tobacco casings, until in 1937 a Parisian tailor decided to put it in men’s pants. The press at the time described this invention, which was 86 years old when it existed, as “the most innovative sewing idea.”
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