Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

Zelan eutsi sukar eraikitzaileari Biosferaren Erreserba batean

Urdaibairen ikuspegi orokorra.
Urdaibairen ikuspegi orokorra.Iñigo Azkona

Bizkaiko Busturialdea eskualdeko zati handi bat Biosferaren Erreserba izendatu zuen UNESCOk 1984an, Urdaibai izenpean. Bost urte geroago, Eusko Legebiltzarrak Urdaibaiko Erreserbaren Babeserako Legea (5/89) onartu zuen. Aho batez egin zen onarpen hura, baina adostasunak ez zuen jarraipenik izan: 22 urtez, alderdi politikoen arteko polemika eta liskar iturri etengabea izan da Urdaibai. Azken urteotan batik bat. 2009an PSE-EEk Jaurlaritzan boterea eskuratu zuenetik, Oka itsasadarraren bazterrak gudu-zelai bihurtu dituzte sozialistek eta EAJk.

Urdaibairen Legeak hala ezarrita, Eusko Jaurlaritzako Ingurumen Sailari dagokio Erreserbaren kudeaketa. Horrek ez du esan gura, haatik, eskumen guztiak hark dituenik. Hainbat alorretan, Bizkaiko Foru Aldundiak eta udaletxeek atxiki dituzte lehendik zituztenetako batzuk. Eta erakunde horietan EAJ da nagusi. Urdaibain dauden 22 udalerrietatik, hamaseik dute alkate jeltzalea gaur egun. Aldiz, eta bitxia eman badezake ere, 5/89 legea onartu zenetik Ingurumen Saila ez da behin ere EAJren esku egon, hainbeste urtez Ajuria Eneako maizterrak beraiek izan arren. Hogeitaka urte hauetan, Euskadiko Ezkerrari, EAri eta PSE-EEri egokitu izan zaie kartera hori. EAJ, berriz, Diputazioaren eta udalen bitartez saiatu da Urdaibaiko kontuetan zuena baino eragin handiagoa izaten.

Patronatua, hamaika ika-mikaren antzezlekua

Egoera horrek sortu duen eskumenen gerra Urdaibaiko Patronatuan igarri da. 5/89 legearekin batera sortu zen Patronatua, Erreserbaren kudeaketa-organoa, eta bertan daude ordezkatuta instituzio guztiak eta zenbait eragile sozial. 1997an egindako legearen erreforma batek haren osaketa aldatu zuen, administrazioei pisu handiago emanez. Udalei, batez ere: hiru ordezkari izatetik sei izatera pasatu ziren. Ondorioz, Urdaibairen arduradun nagusia, Jaurlaritza, gutxiengoa da Patronatuan. Udal gehienetako ordezkariak EAJkoak direnez, hala nola Aldundiko beste hiru, jeltzaleak dira pisu handiena dutenak.

Busturialdeako talde ekologista bateko kide batek esana da: “EAJ buru izan den udalerri gehienek –denak esatea injustua baita–, eta Aldundiak berak ere, Erreserbaren kontra jokatu dute”. Eragile sozial ugarik behin eta berriz leporatu diete Sabin Etxekoei higiezinen alorreko interesen arabera dantzatu izana, Urdaibairen Legearen aurka maiz. Esandakoaren lekuko dira epaitegiek baliogabetu dituzten hainbat hirigintza-plan, batzuk gauzatuak eta beste batzuk ez.

Eragile sozial horiek sano kezkatuta daude orain. Erreserbaren Erabilpenerako eta Kudeaketarako Egitamu Gidariaren berriztatze-prozesuari ekin berri dio Jaurlaritzak, eta haren ondorioetako bat izango da Jaurlaritzako Ingurumen Sailak aspalditxo iragarri zuen zerbait: eskuduntza batzuk, hirigintzari dagozkionak batez ere, Lakuaren kontrolpetik askatu eta udalen esku utziko ditu, Guggenheim aferak PSEren eta EAJren artean sortutako tentsioak zertxobait baretze aldera. Mugimendu ekologistako zenbait iturriren berbetan, oilategiaren zaindari azeria izendatzearen parekoa litzateke hori.


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