Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

It is clearer how the Tibetans adapt to the height

Oriol Gascon
The July 4 issue of Science provided strong clues about the Tibetan adaptation mechanism to height. There are two populations in the world, the Tibetans and the Andes, living above 4,000 meters. The mechanism of adaptation to the height of the latter is known: their blood produces much more hemoglobin than that of the rest of the human being, so that even though they have 40% less oxygen at the height in which they live than at sea level, they can carry more oxygen to the cells of the body.

But this production of hemoglobin has very harmful consequences for the Andes. The blood thickens, making tissue oxygenation more difficult. This is why pregnant women lose many children and those who are born are very small. The amount of hemoglobin in Tibetans, on the other hand, is normal; in their case, the key lies in the genes, and especially in the gene called EPAS1, which is well known in high sport. Apparently, in today’s Tibetans the EPAS1 gene has mutated, causing the bodies to adapt to oxygen deficiency.

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