Euskera is not among the keys to developing the feeling of Basque citizenship
- This Tuesday, the sixth measurement of the Basque Sovereignty Barometer held this year has been presented in Donostia-San Sebastián. Euskera is not among the keys to explaining the Basque feeling, but Spanish and French are the first in the development of the Spanish and/or French feeling. In general, accession to the Basque Country is a majority, but in Navarre the Basque Country stands out. 35.2% of the population would vote in favour of the Basque State and 26.8% against in an "approved" referendum, but 25.6% are in favour of independence and 43% against.
Telesforo Monzon eLab is the Herrigintza Basque Studies Laboratory and the research group Part Hartuz of the UPV/EHU who perform the Nationometer. For this sixth measurement, 1,422 surveys were conducted in April 2024. In this news we have gathered some of the most significant results, but it is available in its entirety.
Feelings and accessions
In the whole of Euskal Herria, the Basque feeling is the one that most attachment has (7.8 on a scale of 0-10), above the Spanish and French feelings (6.4). In Ipar Euskal Herria there are two identities with greater attachment (Basques 8.8; French 7.6) than in Álava, Gipuzkoa and Bizkaia (Basques 8.5; Spaniards 6.1). “The greatest difference between the two is observed in the attachment to the State identity. In the CAPV it is significantly lower and the proportion of population with a 10 accession is 13.7%, while in the French Basque Country it is 32.6%”.
In Navarre, on the other hand, the most positive sentiment is Navarro (8.5), followed by Spanish (7.2) and Basque (4.8). In Navarra there is another significant information: “The Basque feeling generates great contradiction in much of the citizenship (23.2% show a 0 adhesion).”
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Keys to language and adherence
The Metro has asked about the most important keys to developing one or the other accession, and the different importance given to the language is striking.
According to citizens, languages (French or Spanish) are the most decisive factor in feeling part of France or Spain (7,8). Below are the possession of official documents, “living in France or in Spain” or “sharing customs and traditions”. On the contrary, the key to feeling Basque would be “will” (8.1), in second and third place are “coexistence in Euskal Herria” (7.9) and “sharing customs and traditions” (7.8), in fourth place living in Euskal Herria (7.9) and sharing customs and traditions (7.8), in fourth place the possession of official documents (7.4), in fifth Basque country. Navarros and Navarre who feel Navarros and non-Basque have also been asked about the main supports of their feeling, and being Basque has a score of 2.3.
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From the independence beat
If a referendum were held "in a consensual and approved situation" within the Basque Country, 35.2% of the population would vote in favour and 26.8% against. Conversely, if one asks about the independence of France or Spain, the data change substantially: it shows “very much agreement” or “very much agree” with independence 25.6% of the population, but “disappointed” or “very dissatisfied” 43%.
The Nation has asked citizens about the agreement or disagreement around three sentences in order to identify the causes of this inequality. First, “the achievement of the Basque State is indispensable, achieving it in any way”: 53.7% “against” or “very against”, 29.4% “in favor” or “very in favor”. “I would be in favor of the Basque State, if that does not create conflict” and “independence does not appeal to me” have been two other questions: 66% of the citizens have agreed or very much agree.
“The above hypotheses are reinforced, that is, the imaginaries and projections that activate independence are not positive in this group of people, and the understanding or conflictive vision of such a process causes people to retire,” the National Metro concludes.
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