Half a million workers occupied factories throughout Italy, especially in the north. The mecha is turned on at the Fiate in the city of Turin in August, when the workers took control of the workplace and organized the factory council.

At that time this city was one of Europe’s main car manufacturers and had one of the most conscious working classes in all of Italy. The workers' initiative was extended to the rest of the city's factories, then to the region of Piedmont and then to Lombardy.

These councils were responsible for the management of the workplaces, whether production or technical personnel, taking as a model the Russian soviets. This day the process known as Biennio rosso (Red Biennial) reached its climax.

This unknown author photo shows a group of “Red Guard”. The role of these groups was to protect factories occupied by staff councils.