George Orwell published his 1984 novel. In this dystopian novel, the Elder Brother describes an authoritarian society under control. It has been regarded as a criticism of the Stalinist regime of the USSR, since Orwell was a Troskist. However, in his explanations, Orwell stated that he parodied the intellectual implications of totalitarianism. The writer died in the early 1950s without living the success of the novel.