Irailak 27: demokrazia eta zuzenbidea?
Kataluniako hauteskunde autonomikoak irailaren 27an egingo dira. Dakigunez, indar politiko guztien esanetan, oso hauteskunde bereziak eta garrantzitsuak dira, eta hautagai zerrenda batentzat –Junts Pel Sí– plebiszitu modukoak. Horrek ez luke Estatuan aparteko arretarik mereziko, baldin eta herriari galdetzen zaionak independentziarekin zerikusirik ez balu. Finean, alderdi politikoek euren egitasmoak hauteskundeetan aurkezten dituztenean, baietza eta babesa eskatzen ari dira horientzat. Baina, tira, Katalunian orain arte ez dute independentziari buruzko benetako plebisziturik egiteko aukerarik izan, 2014ko azaroaren 9koa ez baitzen “legala” izan. Argi dagoena da Junts Pel Sí hautagaitzak irabazten badu –aulkien gehiengoa lortzen badu– Parlament-ean bideratu ahal izango dutela herri horren etorkizuna –egunen batean herriak zuzenean erabakiko duelarik, noski–.
Ikusteko dago zein den Kataluniako herritarren erantzuna. Datorren astean gertatu behar duena ez naiz ausartuko asmatzen eta ez dut uste, gainera, merezi duenik. Laster jakingo dugu herriak zer nahi duen eta nola erantzuten dion gertatzen ari den hainbat mugimenduri.
Batetik, Konstituzio Auzitegiaren Legea berritzeko Alderdi Popularrak aurkezturiko proposamena. Auzitegi horrek zigorrak jartzeko ahalmena ezartzen du –lehendik ere bazuena– bere ebazpenak betetzen ez dituztenen karguak eteteko. Mugimendu-eraso horrek balorazio politikoa behar du: legealdia amaitzen ari denean, hausnarketarik gabe; inolako adostasunik bilatu gabe aurkeztu da; indarrean dagoen araudian helburu horretarako tresnak badaudela ahaztuz, “ausardia” azaldu nahian, seguruenik; Alderdi Popularrak eta Gobernuak Konstituzio Auzitegian konfiantza handiagoa dutela auzitegi arruntetan baino –bost axola zaie horrek auzitegi horren legitimitatea oraindik beherago badoa ere–.
Bestetik, kanpotik, Europar Batasunetik etorri dena. Angela Merkelek eta David Cameronek egindako adierazpenak kezkagarriak dira, benetan. Argi dago bi agintari horiek esandakoak eragina izan dezakeela herriarengan, horretarako egin dira eta. Kataluniako herriaren borondatea okertu nahi da, ez informazio zuzen eta zehatzaren bitartez –hori guztiz zilegizkoa izango litzateke, noski–, informazio iluna eta tranpatia emanez baizik. Zergatik esaten ari naiz iruzurra egiten ari direla? Bada, une honetan, inork ez dakielako juridikoki nola bideratuko litzatekeen Europar Batasunean Kataluniak egin dezakeen independentziaren aldeko aldarrikapena. Ez, Europako araudiak ez dauka erantzunik horretarako, hau ez dago inon aurreikusita eta zalantza asko planteatzen ditu. Merkelek eta Cameronek azaldu dute Katalunia independentea Europar Batasunetik kanpo geratuko litzatekeela eta sarrera eskatu beharko lukeela. Baina hori ez dago garbi, ez delako horretaz arautu eta ez delako oraindik horrelakorik gertatu. Beraz, adierazpen horiek ez dira zuzenak. Argi dagoen gauza bakarra da Kataluniak bere independentzia erabakitzen badu, Europak eta mundu osoak erantzun zuhurra eta arrazoizkoa eman beharko dutela. Eta zein arrazoiren arabera? Ez Zuzenbide idatziarena, esan bezala, baizik eta logika demokratikoaren arrazoiarena: indarkeria erabili gabe eta bozen indarrez sortutako estatu berriari ongietorria ematea. Nik ez dut beste irtenbiderik ikusten.
Beraz, irailaren 27an –eta etorkizunean ere– Kataluniako herritarrek bozka dezatela euren arrazoi demokratikoaren legitimitateaz eta ez inoren kalteren beldurrez.
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