Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

Choctaw herriaren elkartasun ikasbidea

Choctaw tribuko hainbat kide 1908an, jantzi tradizionalak soinean. 60 bat urte lehenago, mirestekoa izan zen choctawek irlandarrekin izan zuten elkartasun keinua.
Choctaw tribuko hainbat kide 1908an, jantzi tradizionalak soinean. 60 bat urte lehenago, mirestekoa izan zen choctawek irlandarrekin izan zuten elkartasun keinua.

Egungo Mississippi (AEB), 1830. AEBetako Kongresuak Dancing Rabbit Creekeko Ituna onartu zuen. Itunaren arabera, Choctaw herriak hamaika milioi akreko lurraldea (45.000 km2) utziko zuen eta gobernuak lur sail zabalagoa (hamabost milioi akre edo 61.000 km2) baina elkorragoa emango zien trukean egungo Oklahoman. Choctaw tribuko buruzagiek zuhur jokatu arren, kolonizatzaileen indarrari ezin izan zioten eutsi, eta azkenean amore eman behar izan zuten. Indioen erreserbatara behartuta bidali zuten lehen herria izan zen, nahiz eta beste askotan bezala neurria akordio adiskidetsuz mozorrotu.

Choctaw herria bitan zatitu zen. Gutxi batzuek, 1.300 inguruk, uko egin zioten arbasoen lurraldea uzteari. Baina beren arauak eta tradizioak utzi behar izan zituzten, eta AEBetako legeei makurtu. Mississippin geratu ziren choctawak jatorri europarra ez zuten lehenak izan ziren AEBetako herritartasuna lortzen; eta beren jatorrizko identitatea galtzen.

Gehienek, 15.000 lagunek baino gehiagok, beste aukeraren alde egin zuten. Dancing Rabbit Creeken hitzemandako nolabaiteko autonomiaren bila abiatu ziren, beren arauei eta tradizioei eutsi nahian. Arbasoen lurraldetik Oklahomako erreserbaraino 800 kilometro egin behar izan zituzten eta bidean goseak 3.000 bat choctaw hil zituen, tribuaren %20 inguru. Gerora, Trail of Tears (Malkoen Bidea) esango zioten choctawen odiseari.

1845ean, Oklahomako erreserbatik 5.000 kilometrora, Gosete Handiak hartu zuen Irlanda. Politika ekonomiko antzuak, laborantza metodo desegokiek eta, batez ere, patata uzta ezereztu zuten gaixotasunek irlandarren heriotza-tasa izugarri igoarazi zuten; goseteak milioi bat irlandar baino gehiago hil zituen, eta beste bi milioik uhartetik alde egin zuten. Heriotzak eta migrazioak medio, Irlandak biztanleriaren laurdena inguru galdu zuen hamarkada bakarrean. Irlandar Diasporari esker, besteak beste, gosetearen berri berehala zabaldu zen mundu osoan, baita choctawen eremu berrian ere.

1847an, Malkoen Bidea gorpuz josi eta hamasei urtera, choctawek doi-doi lortzen zuten oinarrizko beharrak estaltzea. Baina ederki ezagutzen zituzten gosearen triskantzak eta irlandarrei ahal bezala laguntzea erabaki zuten, gosetearen berria Europatik etorri arren, Choctaw herria pixkanaka desagertzera kondenatu zuten kolonoak bezala. Irlandarrei laguntzeko 175 dolar biltzea lortu zuten. Gaur egungo 50.000 euro inguru.


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