Automatically translated from Basque, translation may contain errors. More information here. Elhuyarren itzultzaile automatikoaren logoa

Baltikotik Kataluniara

Udara honetan Letonian inoiz baino errazagoa izan zait esplikatzea euskal herritarra naizela, ez ezagunagoak garelako, orain katalanen berri dutelako baizik. Dienak, Letoniako lehen egunkariak, azkeneko urtean bi aldiz eraman du azalera Kataluniako mugimendu subirano zalea, eta ez da azkena izango. Izan ere, datorren irailaren 11n katalanek 400 kilometro inguruko giza katea egingo dute independentzia aldarrikatzeko. Erreferentea Baltikoan bilatu dute. 1989ko abuztuaren 23an, ia bi miloi pertsonak Tallinn (Estonia), Riga (Letonia) eta Vilnius (Lituania) batu zituzten 600 kilometro baino gehiago zituen giza katean. Horrela, hiru herrialdeen arteko elkartasuna eta askapen nazionala aldarrikatu zituzten. Badute motiborik Baltikoan mobilizazio hartaz harro egoteko, eta noski Via Catalanak ziurtatuta dauka bere oihartzuna harrotasun hori pizteko balioko duelako.

Lituanian, bertako unibertsitatean lan egiten duen irakasle katalan batek esplikatu dit Via Catalanara joateko asmoa duela. Zazpi urte bere herrialdea bisitatu gabe egon ostean, uztailan egon da Katalunian. Joan aurretik ondo ezagutzen zuen mugimendu independentista eta bere hitzetan “lau katu ziren”. Orain gauzak desberdinak dira, herrialdea aldatu egin da eta horren froga gisa Bartzelonako Gerriko Gorria aipatu dit: “Bandera independentistek hartu dituzte balkoiak, non eta PSCren bertsio espainolistenaren gotorlekuetan”.

Egun Europan dagoen proiektu sezesionista sinesgarriena da Kataluniakoa. Bi egiturazko dimentsiok azaltzen dute gertatutakoa. Lehenengoa nazionala da, Kataluniako gehiengoak burujabetasun gehiago nahi zuen Espainia federal eta nazionalki anitzean. Bigarren dimentsioa ekonomikoa da. Kataluniak hamarkadak daramatza defizit fiskala pairatzen eta horrek suposatzen du metatutako diru kopuru osoa etengabe hazkundean dagoela. Errealitate honek herritarren artean, izan nazionalista katalana edo ez, “Kataluniaren aurkako bidegabekeriaren” pertzepzioa sakondu du.

Halere, tentsioek ez dute eztanda egin egoeraren araberako bi faktorek topo egin duten arte. Krisi ekonomikoak defizit fiskalak suposatzen duen irainaren tamaina handitu eta herriaren gehiengo zabala kohesionatu du sentimendu nazional desberdinen gainetik. Hain zuzen ere, Baltikoko herrialdeetan gertatu bezala, eslaviarren artean independentziaren alde egin zutenak biderkatu egin ziren bizitza hobeago baten esperoan. Eta bigarren iraina, 2006ko Estatut-arekin gertatutakoa. Kataluniako Parlamentuak %88,8ko babesarekin onartu zuen estatutuak herri-proiektua iragartzen zuen, akordio zabala katalanen artean autonomian sakontzeko eta Espainiaren baitan egokitzapena lortzeko. Espainiako Gorteek estatutua murriztu eta gero, Espainiako Auzitegi Konstituzionalak baliogabetu zuen partzialki parlamentu demokratiko bik (Katalanak eta Espainolak) eta herritarrek erreferendumean hartutako erabakia. Arazo nazional eta ekonomikoa izatetik, arazo demokratikoa izatera pasatu zen Kataluniakoa. Katalan herritarrek beraien etorkizuna erabaki nahi dute, baina Espainiako erakundeek ukatu egiten diete eskubide demokratiko hau argudio nazionalista espainolak erabiliz. Ukazio honek independentismoaren hazkundea ekarri du, izan ere, partikularra (autonomia gehiago nahi izatea) balore unibertsala bilakatzen denean (erabakitze eskubide demokratikoa) hegemonia politikoa lortzen da.

Egun Europan dagoen proiektu sezesionista sinesgarriena da Kataluniakoa. Bi egiturazko dimentsiok azaltzen dute gertatutakoa. Lehenengoa nazionala da, Kataluniako gehiengoak burujabetasun gehiago nahi zuen Espainia federal eta nazionalki anitzean. Bigarren dimentsioa ekonomikoa da.

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