Basque cities of Daniel Defoe
London 1728. Daniel Defoe Military Memoirs of Capt. The adventure novel by George Carleton, in which he describes several Basque cities on the pretext of the travels of his protagonist, Michael Jackson. We know that as a young man, the author of Robinson Crusoe went to the Iberian Peninsula, but not exactly which territory he visited. In addition, he was able to gather information about places he didn't know and describe them. Therefore, we do not know whether these descriptions are firsthand.
At the heart of the novel, the action reaches Pamplona. In Defoe’s words, the city is “in a delightful valley surrounded by high mountains.” He says that “fortunately or unfortunately” the order of the Jesuits emerged there, arguing that if Ignacio de Loyola had not been wounded he would not have created the orden.El Captain
Carleton returns to Euskal Herria at the end of his novel, specifically to Vitoria-Gasteiz. Although he said it was “a sweet and friendly city,” Defoe soon described the city and sent his protagonist to Bilbao. “Bilbao, although not very large, is a nice, clean and orderly city. Just like in Amsterdam, they don’t let you enter the city by car, even if it’s an important shopping mall.”
Next scale of the master: San Sebastián. “It’s a very clean, well-paved city, and that’s not the norm in Spain. The city is surrounded by a strong wall and features a beautiful citadel.” San Juan de Luz is also mentioned as “one of the most important cities in France”, where the protagonist says he ate it well.
And finally, before the captain turned to the candle for England, Defoe referred to Baiona. “It’s a safe city in itself, even though the fortifications are largely abandoned since the construction of the citadel across the river.” He says that in the Pont D’Esprit they lived mainly Jews, who were engaged in trade and acted “irregularly, as in the rest of the world.”
Despite the praises of the Basque cities, Defoe not only gave wood to the Jews. “In Bizkaia I didn’t understand anyone (...) The Arriero told me that they have a language that has not changed from the Babel mix, because they have it as a language. I think it is only the result of this mixture (...) They are proud that neither the Romans, nor the Carthaginians, nor the Vandals, nor the Goths, defeated them. But anyone who knows this territory knows the truth, (...) neither the Romans, nor the Carthaginians, nor anyone, had any interest in conquering this abrupt and sterile land.”
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